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Final days of Pope who joined Vatican crowds at Easter despite doctors’ advice

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At midday on Monday, church bells across Italy began to toll. Pope Francis was dead.

Not even 24 hours had passed since he had made a surprise appearance on the balcony overlooking St Peter’s Square, blessing the 35,000 people gathered to celebrate Easter at the Vatican.

The Pope was breathing on his own, without oxygen tubes, despite being told by his doctors to spend two months convalescing after 38 days in hospital with double pneumonia.

Over the past two weeks Francis had done what he had always done, received visitors and met people from every walk of life.

When he appeared on Easter Sunday, the crowd below erupted in cheers as he appeared; then it fell silent.

“Dear brothers and sisters, I wish you a happy Easter,” he said, his voice heavy with effort.

They were to be his final words in public.

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“I think people could feel something – as if they could tell it was the last time they’d see him,” said Mauro, a Rome resident who was in St Peter’s Square for Easter Mass and had now returned to pay his respects.

“Usually everyone shouts ‘Long live the Pope!’… this time it was much quieter than usual, there was maybe more respect for his suffering.”

“He blessed us but his voice was a husk,” a man called Alberto told the BBC. “I think he was giving us his last goodbye.”

Pilgrims gather for the death of Pope Francis at St. Peter's Basilica in Vatican City, State of Vatican, on April 21, 2025.
Image caption, A steady stream of pilgrims returned to St Peter’s

Doctors who treated Francis at Rome’s Gemelli hospital had prescribed a regimen of complete rest – but it was never likely that a typically active Pope who spent much of his papacy meeting people would keep to that.

Francis had already made it clear he wanted to be back in the Vatican in time for Easter, as soon as the specialists treating him explained that his health issues would not be resolved quickly.

For Christians, Easter is even more important than Christmas as it symbolises a core tenet of their faith – the resurrection of Christ, three days after his nailing to the cross.

Before he was discharged on 23 March, Francis waved to crowds from the hospital too, and then headed back to his quarters in the Casa Santa Marta guest house he had made his home.

His medical team said all he needed was oxygen, and convalescing there was better than hospital with all its infections.

Easter was just three weeks away and, as it approached, the Pope’s schedule became increasingly busy.

He met King Charles and Queen Camilla at the Casa San Marta and then appeared on the Vatican balcony for Palm Sunday four days later on 13 April, mingling with a crowd of 20,000 people in St Peter’s Square, against doctors’ advice.

Pope Francis unexpectedly arrives in St. Peters Square at the conclusion of the Palm Sunday Mass
Image caption, Pope Francis also made an unexpected appearance in St Peter’s Square for Palm Sunday

But for the Pope, Easter was most important time of all.

Last Thursday, as he had done many times previously and as he used to do in his native Argentina before becoming Pope, he made a visit to the Regina Coeli jail in Rome where he spent half an hour meeting prisoners and he was greeted by applause from staff and guards as he arrived in a wheelchair.

In previous years he had washed inmates’ feet, mirroring what Jesus is said to have done with his disciples the night before his death.

“This year I’m unable to do that, but I can and want to still be near you,” he said in a feeble voice to the dozens of prisoners who had come to see him, and who cheered him on as he toured the jail.

“We are so lucky. Those on the outside don’t get to see him and we do,” one man told Italian media.

As he was leaving the prison, Francis was asked by a journalist how he would experience Easter this year.

“Whichever way I can,” he replied.

And, on Sunday, he kept his promise.

Pope Francis sits in a wheelchair as prison staff applaud him
Image caption, Prison staff and guards welcomed Pope Francis as he marked Holy Thursday at Regina Coeli jail

He held a short meeting with US Vice-President JD Vance before appearing before the crowds in St Peter’s Square as the crowd below erupted in cheers.

He made his final blessing – the Urbi et Orbi address in Latin, meaning “to the city and to the world”. Then, Archbishop Diego Ravelli read out a speech written by the Pope as Francis sat silently beside him.

Then, to everyone’s surprise, he descended down to St Peter’s Square, where he was driven around in an open-top popemobile – the distinctive little white Mercedes-Benz used by popes to meet crowds.

A camera followed him around as he raised his arm to bless the faithful lining the sunny square, and a few babies were brought up closer to him. It was the last time the world saw him alive.

Watching Francis’s blessing on Sunday, Alberto from Rome felt he would not last much longer, although the Pope’s death still came as a shock.

“I didn’t feel happy seeing him, I could tell he was in pain,” he said. “But it was an honour to see him one last time.”

Francis died early on Monday in his beloved Casa Santa Marta – a residenceof 100-odd simple rooms, run by nuns and open to pilgrims and visitors.

A little over two hours later, the cardinal chamberlain, or camerlengo, stood in the Casa Santa Marta and made the news public.

The Vatican said on Monday evening he had died of a stroke and irreversible heart failure.

A devotee holds a prayer beads and a candle during a Rosary in homage to Pope Francis
Image caption, Worshippers paid their respects to Francis during a rosary in St Peter’s Square

The Pope’s rooms were a far cry from the opulence of the Vatican quarters typically destined to pontiffs, which Francis had turned down at the start of his papacy saying he felt the need to “live among people”.

“If I lived by myself, maybe even a bit in isolation, it would be of no use to me,” he said back then.

In the coming days, cardinals from across the world will be staying at Casa Santa Marta as they gather in Rome for the conclave that will choose Francis’ successor.

Outside, in the bright sunshine in St Peter’s Square, people mingled with priests and friars under the imposing basilica.

A group of nuns clad in grey and white glared at a man who, headphones in, was dancing around the square. “No respect,” they tutted.

The same large screens that broadcast the Pope’s blessing for Easter now displayed a photo of Francis smiling and a notice that a special rosary was being held for him 12 hours after his death.

It would allow Catholics near and far to pray for their Pope – and thank him for celebrating one last Easter with them.

BBC

The Inactivity of the Right to Information Commission Undermines Anti-Corruption Efforts

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The National Movement for Social Justice (NMSJ) urges the authorities to immediately address the current state of the Right to Information (RTI) Commission, as the prevailing situation has created conditions that undermine its full and effective functioning.

We stress the urgent need for authorities to address the state of the Commission, which remains without a Chairperson following the resignation of its former Chairperson in March, 2025. Despite the Sri Lanka Press Institute and affiliated media associations nominating a candidate for the vacant post of Commissioner as early as 1 January, 2025 — a nomination approved by the Constitutional Council — no appointment has been made to date. The Commission is currently operating in an incomplete and limited capacity.

Furthermore, there is a severe shortage of legal and administrative staff, which threatens the Commission’s continued functioning. With growing public reliance on the RTI Act No. 12 of 2016 for accountability, decisions made by an incomplete Commission could face legal challenges, weakening public trust and jeopardising its role in governance.

The RTI Act, secured in 2015 after 12 years of tireless advocacy by the opposition and civil society — and first proposed as a Private Member’s Bill — has been internationally recognised as one of the top three such laws in the world. It brought honour to Sri Lanka. Its partial operation today, in the face of growing public demand for transparency and good governance, is deeply concerning.

In light of the Government’s recent statement that details of the Indo-Lanka Security Agreement can be accessed via the right to information, the need to restore the Commission to full operational strength becomes even more pressing. The Government cannot ignore this responsibility.

At a time when the President has taken a stand against bribery and corruption, restoring and strengthening the RTI Commission will significantly aid those efforts. Failure to do so risks echoing the 2004–2005 period, when the then Government sought to weaken democratic governance by delaying appointments to independent commissions. We sincerely hope the current Government will not follow that path.

We therefore call on the President to take immediate steps to ensure the full functionality of the RTI Commission and uphold the hard-earned right to information. As a movement that has long championed this cause, we trust the President recognises the gravity of the issue and will act without delay.

Karu Jayasuriya
Leader
National Movement for Social Justice
21 April 2025

Sri Lanka Records -1.9% Inflation in March 2025

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Sri Lanka’s overall inflation, measured by the National Consumer Price Index (NCPI), registered a year-on-year deflation of -1.9% in March 2025, up from -3.9% in February, according to data from the Department of Census and Statistics.

Food inflation turned positive at 0.8% in March, rising from -1.1% the previous month, while non-food inflation remained negative at -4.1%.

The NCPI (2021=100) recorded a slight drop to 206.0 in March, down from 206.2 in February. Month-on-month, food prices contributed -0.10% to the change, and non-food items had no impact.

Core inflation (excluding food, energy, and transport) was at -0.6% in March, with a monthly decline of 0.1%.

Despite recent deflation, the overall price level has increased by 106% since the 2021 base year.

UNP Leader Predicts NPP Will Fall Short of Majority in LG Polls

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Former President and United National Party (UNP) leader Ranil Wickremesinghe stated that the National People’s Power (NPP) is unlikely to secure a majority in most local government (LG) bodies at the upcoming election.

During a gathering held at the UNP headquarters in Sirikotha, he urged UNP candidates to consider forming alliances with other opposition parties to challenge the NPP’s hold.

Under current local government rules, the chairperson post is granted to the group with a majority, making coalition-building a critical strategy for the opposition, according to Wickremesinghe.

He also referenced the performance and track record of the incumbent NPP-led administration, indicating that voter sentiment may be shifting ahead of the 2025 LG elections.

The meeting was attended by UNP local government election candidates and senior party members.

Port City Colombo Privilege Card: A New Era in Retail and Leisure

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CH17 Loyalty, a pioneer in loyalty and rewards management in Sri Lanka, has partnered with CHEC Port City Colombo to launch the co-branded Port City Colombo Privilege Card. This card aims to enhance the visitor experience for both locals and tourists at The Mall at Port City Colombo.

 Leveraging over a decade of expertise in retail engagement, CH17 Loyalty has brought its technological platform, resources, and knowledge to create a new dimension in shopping, dining, entertainment, and duty-free privileges within this Special Economic Zone.

CHEC Port City Colombo Managing Director, Xiong Hongfeng, shared his enthusiasm, stating that the Port City Colombo Privilege Card ushers in a new era for Sri Lanka’s retail and lifestyle sectors.

With features like duty-free shopping and leisure options in a world-class environment, Port City Colombo is set to become a major hub for tourism, business, and investment. He acknowledged CH17 Loyalty’s technical expertise and innovative vision in shaping this program, noting that their contribution has been crucial in making the Privilege Card a unique value offering for tourists, investors, and offshore businesses.

CH17 Loyalty CEO, Jumar Preena, expressed pride in the partnership, emphasizing that the collaboration would provide cardholders with a truly exceptional experience.

 He highlighted the exclusive benefits at The Mall at Port City Colombo, including world-class shopping, premium entertainment, and access to duty-free purchases. Preena also noted that CH17 Loyalty’s extensive experience in loyalty management positions them to elevate the Port City Colombo experience.

The Port City Colombo Privilege Card provides exclusive access to world-class facilities, merging luxury shopping with unique leisure experiences. This initiative not only improves the retail experience but also redefines entertainment for visitors.

As Port City Colombo develops into a vibrant commercial and leisure hub, CH17 Loyalty’s customer-centric solutions are expected to play a key role in building a thriving community with unparalleled benefits for all visitors and residents.

This partnership underscores CH17 Loyalty’s ongoing commitment to innovation, offering exceptional value to a high-potential customer base while supporting major national projects in Sri Lanka.

Sri Lanka’s Reserves Rebound, But Fiscal Discipline Now Critical

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Sri Lanka is steadily moving toward a green economy, but a shortage of sustainable finance is hampering progress, according to Environment Ministry Secretary K.R. Uduwawala. Speaking at the launch of the AgriFI Sri Lanka Country Window, hosted by the European Union delegation to Sri Lanka and the Maldives, Uduwawala emphasized the Government’s strong commitment to inclusive and environmentally friendly development.

He pointed to a range of national policies designed to promote renewable energy, sustainable agriculture, and circular economy practices. However, he acknowledged that a lack of financial backing is slowing their implementation. “The Green Sri Lanka initiative is more than just ambition—it’s a strategic vision to balance economic growth with environmental responsibility,” he stated.

Uduwawala stressed that the green transition cannot succeed in isolation. It requires comprehensive financial mechanisms and collaboration across multiple sectors, including private and public institutions, agriculture, SMEs, and both local and international regulatory bodies. Although Sri Lanka has introduced several frameworks, including the National Environmental Action (NEA) Plan, the Net Zero 2050 strategy, and the Green Procurement Policy, many remain underfunded and thus are limited in impact.

The country’s ongoing debt crisis and broader financial instability were cited as key obstacles. These issues have significantly restricted investments in environmental initiatives and limited access to domestic funding. Additional challenges include institutional inefficiencies and policy uncertainty, though the Government is working to address these shortcomings.

Uduwawala commended the European Union for its continued support through the Green Policy Dialogue Facility (GPDF), established in 2022. The initiative aims to integrate inclusive green economy goals into the national governance and economic framework by fostering policy development, improving the investment climate for circular industries, and expanding access to green finance. However, he maintained that this support, while valuable, remains insufficient to fully meet Sri Lanka’s needs.

The Secretary also expressed optimism about Sri Lanka’s potential to serve as a model for resilient, low-carbon economic growth. He highlighted the need for investments in innovation, SMEs, and sustainable industries to realize this goal. Strengthening macroeconomic indicators is essential to attracting investment, and remains a top Government priority.

Uduwawala urged financial institutions, private sector players, and development partners to embrace an integrated investment approach. He emphasized that Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) principles should be embedded in all financial decisions to foster long-term, responsible economic development. Aligning with global ESG standards would also attract more investment in clean energy and eco-friendly industries.

Finally, he pointed out a significant skills gap in technical expertise among local stakeholders. He stressed the importance of knowledge sharing and stronger public-private partnerships in driving the country’s green economy vision forward. Uduwawala concluded by calling for collective action and innovative ideas to translate environmental goals into tangible, sustainable progress.

Government Pushes for Green Economy amid Funding Gaps hindering progress

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Sri Lanka is steadily moving toward a green economy, but a shortage of sustainable finance is hampering progress, according to Environment Ministry Secretary K.R. Uduwawala. Speaking at the launch of the AgriFI Sri Lanka Country Window, hosted by the European Union delegation to Sri Lanka and the Maldives, Uduwawala emphasized the Government’s strong commitment to inclusive and environmentally friendly development.

He pointed to a range of national policies designed to promote renewable energy, sustainable agriculture, and circular economy practices. However, he acknowledged that a lack of financial backing is slowing their implementation. “The Green Sri Lanka initiative is more than just ambition—it’s a strategic vision to balance economic growth with environmental responsibility,” he stated.

Uduwawala stressed that the green transition cannot succeed in isolation. It requires comprehensive financial mechanisms and collaboration across multiple sectors, including private and public institutions, agriculture, SMEs, and both local and international regulatory bodies. Although Sri Lanka has introduced several frameworks, including the National Environmental Action (NEA) Plan, the Net Zero 2050 strategy, and the Green Procurement Policy, many remain underfunded and thus are limited in impact.

The country’s ongoing debt crisis and broader financial instability were cited as key obstacles. These issues have significantly restricted investments in environmental initiatives and limited access to domestic funding. Additional challenges include institutional inefficiencies and policy uncertainty, though the Government is working to address these shortcomings.

Uduwawala commended the European Union for its continued support through the Green Policy Dialogue Facility (GPDF), established in 2022. The initiative aims to integrate inclusive green economy goals into the national governance and economic framework by fostering policy development, improving the investment climate for circular industries, and expanding access to green finance. However, he maintained that this support, while valuable, remains insufficient to fully meet Sri Lanka’s needs.

The Secretary also expressed optimism about Sri Lanka’s potential to serve as a model for resilient, low-carbon economic growth. He highlighted the need for investments in innovation, SMEs, and sustainable industries to realize this goal. Strengthening macroeconomic indicators is essential to attracting investment, and remains a top Government priority.

Uduwawala urged financial institutions, private sector players, and development partners to embrace an integrated investment approach. He emphasized that Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) principles should be embedded in all financial decisions to foster long-term, responsible economic development. Aligning with global ESG standards would also attract more investment in clean energy and eco-friendly industries.

Finally, he pointed out a significant skills gap in technical expertise among local stakeholders. He stressed the importance of knowledge sharing and stronger public-private partnerships in driving the country’s green economy vision forward. Uduwawala concluded by calling for collective action and innovative ideas to translate environmental goals into tangible, sustainable progress.

Norochcholai Power Plant Fully Operational amid Rising Demand

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As of April 21, 2025, Sri Lanka’s Norochcholai Power Plant is back to full capacity, with all three generator units operational. This follows a temporary shutdown of one unit during the Sinhala and Tamil New Year holidays due to lower electricity demand.

The Ceylon Electricity Board (CEB) confirmed the reactivation of the final unit at 11:00 a.m., in response to a noticeable increase in nationwide power usage after the festive season.

During the holidays, the CEB prioritized hydro and renewable energy sources, leading to the temporary suspension of thermal plants, including the Norochcholai and Kelanitissa Naphtha power plants.

As part of this strategy, a renewable energy curtailment program began on April 10 to maintain grid stability. Initially scheduled to end at 3:00 p.m. on April 21, the program was lifted early—on April 20—due to the unexpected surge in electricity demand.

CEB spokesman, Engineer Dhammika Wimalaratne, acknowledged the valuable cooperation of nearly 100,000 solar power providers, including domestic rooftop users and commercial producers.

Their compliance in adjusting power output during the holidays played a critical role in maintaining the grid’s stability. On April 13, the CEB even advised rooftop solar unit owners to pause generation during daylight hours, with systems over 100 kilowatts temporarily disconnected through SMS notification.

Despite the smooth resumption of full operations, the Norochcholai plant faces safety concerns. Reports indicate that the plant’s fire department ceased operations on April 1, after contract expirations were not renewed.

In the absence of trained fire personnel, firefighting responsibilities have been passed on to general plant staff. Experts view this as a potentially hazardous move, especially considering the plant’s scale and technical complexity.

Nevertheless, with hydropower generation still limited due to inadequate rainfall, Norochcholai remains a cornerstone in Sri Lanka’s energy infrastructure. The timely reactivation of all three units marks a crucial step in ensuring a stable power supply during the post-holiday demand spike.

The CEB concluded its statement by reiterating gratitude to solar energy contributors and the general public for their role in preserving national energy stability during a period of strategic power management and operational challenges.

What is Earth Day, when is it and what has it achieved?

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Every year, millions of people across the globe gather to mark Earth Day and celebrate the environmental movement.

The event began in 1970 in the United States, and is now marked around the world.

What is Earth Day and when is it?

Earth Day is a global event which aims to highlight the importance of protecting the environment.

It takes place annually on 22 April.

It was set up in 1970 by Gaylord Nelson, a US senator and environmentalist, and Denis Hayes, a graduate student at Harvard University.

Both had growing concerns about environmental damage in the US, such as that caused by a large oil spill in 1969 in Santa Barbara, California.

They came up with Earth Day as a way to engage the public and push green issues to the national agenda.

The first Earth Day saw 20 million people across the US take to the streets.

It became a global event in 1990, and now involves more than one billion people of all ages in nearly 200 countries, according to organisers.

“Celebrating Earth Day is often the first environmental action for a lot of people,” said Earthday.org president, Kathleen Rogers.

What is happening for Earth Day 2025?

The official theme for 2025, “Our Power, Our Planet”, focuses on renewable energy.

Previous events have covered a range of environmental issues, including climate change, plastic pollution and species protection.

This year, the organisers are calling for worldwide electricity generation from renewable sources – such as wind and solar – to triple by 2030.

This is similar to a pledge agreed at the COP28 global climate conference in 2023 to triple the capacity of renewables by 2030.

Renewables have been growing quickly, but are slightly off track to meet that promise, the International Energy Agency said in October.

Bar chart showing renewable capacity, particularly solar and wind, is increasing rapidly globally, but not quite on track to meet COP28 goal of 11,000GW by 2030. The International Energy Agency currently forecasts just less than 9,800GW by 2030, up from just less than 3,700GW in 2022. Most of the growth is expected to come from solar and, to a lesser extent, wind.

Earth Day sees various local events take place in addition to the official theme, such as clean-ups of beaches, rivers and other spaces

What has Earth Day achieved?

Within a few years of the first Earth Day in 1970, the US Environmental Protection Agency had been set up, and several environmental laws – such as the Clean Air Act – had been established or significantly strengthened.

More recent events have included planting hundreds of millions of trees, supporting farmers with sustainable agriculture practices, and starting climate literacy projects around the world.

Some observers also cite the importance of Earth Day in pushing environmental issues back up national and international agendas.

“With a host of issues driving our environmental challenges down society’s priority list, events like Earth Day remind us of the long-term cost of short-termism,” said Yvo de Boer, former UN climate chief.

In 2016, Earth Day was symbolically chosen for the official signing of the landmark Paris climate accord, which had been agreed in late 2015.

It was the first time that countries of the world had collectively agreed targets to try to limit global warming.

What do critics say about Earth Day?

Some critics warn that these achievements give a false sense of progress.

Many environmental indicators – from global temperatures to species extinctions – are changing rapidly due to human activities. Efforts to date have fallen far short of halting or reversing these trends.

Some individuals and companies have also been accused of using Earth Day as an opportunity to misleadingly promote their environmental credentials, without making the real changes that are needed.

This is known as “greenwashing”.

For example, campaigner Greta Thunberg posted in 2022 that Earth Day “has turned into an opportunity for people in power to post their ‘love’ for the planet, while at the same time destroying it at maximum speed”.

“We all know greenwashing is happening and it is infuriating,” Earth Day organiser Ms Rogers told BBC News.

“It’s not an issue we’ve caused, but we know Earth Day is used cynically by some businesses to [mis]use the ethos of sustainability for their own gain.”

“Governments need to take robust action and crack down on any business or industry lying to consumers.”

BBC

Spike in Childhood Diarrhea and Dehydration Amid Rise in Flies and Heat

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Medical authorities have reported an increase in diarrhea cases among children during the recent hot weather, with a rise in dehydration linked to both diarrhea and high temperatures.

Health specialists attribute the situation partly to an increase in flies during this period, which is contributing to the spread of infections.

Parents and caregivers are advised to ensure children remain hydrated. Natural fluids such as lemon juice, orange juice, pomegranate juice, tangerine juice, and clean water are recommended.

Medical professionals warn that untreated dehydration in children may lead to serious health risks.